Speciesdeer wild boar fox badger pine marten otter beaver wildcat lynx wolf bear bats raptors waders seabirds woodland birds garden birds migrants Reptiles and amphibians salmon sturgeon eels freshwater species pollinators butterflies moths beetles dragonflies seals dolphins whales Non native and invasive species: raccoon dog, American mink, grey squi harbour porpoise bottlenose dolphin minke whale orca Sharks, rays and skates in European seas Freshwater mussels and crayfish Spiders and other invertebrates adder smooth snake sand lizard European pond turtle great crested newt natterjack toad fire salamanderWatching wildlifeWhere to watch by country and region Seasonal calendar: what to see this month Hides and reserves Tracking and field signs Night watching and thermal Trail cameras: setup and settings Binoculars and scopes Fieldcraft and disturbance Photographing wildlife responsiblyRecording & monitoringCitizen science schemes across Europe Recording your sightings Bird ringing and tagging Camera trap surveys Acoustic monitoring for bats and birds eDNA Atlas projects and national surveys How population trends are calculatedStatus & threatsPopulation trends by species Red lists and conservation status Habitat loss Persecution and wildlife crime Roads and collisions avian flu ash dieback effects amphibian chytrid Invasive species Climate-driven range shiftsReturn & recoveryBeaver reintroduction wolf lynx bear White-tailed eagle and raptor recovery Living with returning species Livestock and predation Reintroduction criteria and licensing Human-wildlife conflict in EuropeNewsHabitatsancient woodland Atlantic oakwood boreal taiga beech forest fens reedbeds blanket bog raised bog floodplain chalk grassland meadow steppe dehesa lowland heath Mediterranean garrigue and maquis alpine zone treeline montane forest dunes saltmarsh estuary and mudflat cliff and seabird colony chalk stream upland river lake lagoon Farmland and field margins Urban and garden habitats Why habitat, not species, decides what you will actually seeLaw and protectionEU Birds Directive and Annex I species EU Habitats Directive, Annex II and Annex IV species Natura 2000 network Bern Convention and the wolf listing debate CITES and trade in protected species UK Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 and Schedule 1 species Germany Bundesnaturschutzgesetz, Spain LESRPE, France arretes de prote Disturbance offences and when a licence is required to photograph or f Hunting and open seasons by country How to report suspected wildlife crime, and why not to intervene yours

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